By Jeff Mason and Lidia Kelly
WASHINGTON/MOSCOW (Reuters) - The United States increased pressure on Russia on Monday to hand over Edward Snowden, the American charged with disclosing secret U.S. surveillance programs, and said it believed he was still in Moscow.
Snowden, until recently a contractor with the U.S. National Security Agency, had been expected to fly to Havana from Moscow on Monday, perhaps on the way to Ecuador, according to sources at the Russian airline Aeroflot who spoke on Sunday.
But he was not seen on the daily Aeroflot flight that landed in Havana on Monday evening and the captain of the plane said he had not been aboard.
White House spokesman Jay Carney, speaking hours after the Moscow-Havana flight took off, said it was Washington's assumption that Snowden was still in Russia and pressed Russia to use all options to expel him to the United States.
The U.S. State Department said diplomats and Justice Department officials were engaged in discussions with Russia, suggesting they were looking for a deal to secure his return.
"Given our intensified cooperation working with Russia on law enforcement matters ... we hope that the Russian government will look at all available options to return Mr. Snowden back to the U.S. to face justice for the crimes with which he is charged," spokesman Patrick Ventrell told reporters.
Snowden flew to Moscow after being allowed to leave Hong Kong on Sunday, even though Washington had asked the Chinese territory to detain him pending his possible extradition on espionage charges.
Julian Assange, founder of anti-secrecy group WikiLeaks which is assisting Snowden, said the 30-year-old had fled to Moscow en route to Ecuador and was in good health in a "safe place" but did not say where he was now.
Ecuador, like Cuba and Venezuela, is a member of the ALBA bloc, an alliance of leftist governments in Latin America that pride themselves on their "anti-imperialist" credentials. The Quito government has been sheltering Assange at its London embassy for the past year.
With Snowden's whereabouts still a mystery on Monday night, U.S. President Barack Obama, may face prolonged embarrassment from a young American leading the world's lone superpower on a global game of hide and seek.
Seat 17A on the Aeroflot flight to Havana had been set aside for Snowden, but reporters aboard said another person occupied the seat and it was not clear whether the plane had a section in which the American could have been concealed.
When the captain of the Aeroflot plane emerged from customs in Havana, he was surrounded by photographers and said: "No Snowden, no."
Washington has been stung by the defiance from Russia, with which Obama has sought improved relations, and China's apparent compliance in letting Snowden leave Hong Kong. Obama has met the leaders of both powers in recent months.
Obama told reporters his government was "following all the appropriate legal channels working with various other countries to make sure the rule of law is observed."
U.S.-RUSSIA DISCUSSIONS
Carney defended the administration's attempts to bring Snowden into U.S. custody and slammed those countries from which Snowden had chosen to seek protection, saying his choices belied his claim that he was focused on supporting transparency, freedom of the press and individuals' rights.
Carney blamed China for helping Snowden's departure from Hong Kong and said it would damage U.S. China relations.
"This was a deliberate choice by the (Hong Kong) government to release a fugitive despite a valid arrest warrant, and that decision unquestionably has a negative impact on the U.S.-China relationship," he said.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry told CNN Snowden's activities could threaten the security of China as well as that of the United States.
"People may die as a consequence to what this man did," he said. "It is possible that the United States would be attacked because terrorists may now know how to protect themselves in some way or another that they didn't know before. This is a very dangerous act."
While U.S. officials are clearly furious at the governments that have helped Snowden, analysts expect a restrained U.S. response.
Anthony Cordesman, a national security expert at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, said Washington should avoid risking important alliances.
"Compared to all of the key issues between the United States, Russia and China, Snowden doesn't matter," he said.
U.S. HYPOCRISY SEEN
China, which itself has frequently been accused of hacking abroad, has sought the high ground, expressing "grave concern" over Snowden's allegations that the United States had hacked Chinese computers. It said it had taken up the issue with Washington.
Russian President Vladimir Putin's press secretary denied any knowledge of Snowden's movements. Asked if Snowden had spoken to the Russian authorities, Dmitry Peskov said: "Overall, we have no information about him."
Other Russian officials said Moscow had no obligation to cooperate with Washington, citing legislation passed in the United States to impose visa bans and asset freezes on Russians accused of violating human rights.
The Russian news agency Interfax quoted an unnamed source as saying Moscow could not arrest or deport Snowden because he had not actually entered Russian territory - suggesting he had remained in the transit area at Moscow's Sheremetyevo airport.
Putin has missed few chances to champion public figures who challenge Western governments and to portray Washington as an overzealous global policeman.
WikiLeaks said Snowden was supplied with a refugee document of passage by Ecuador and that a British legal researcher working for the anti-secrecy group had accompanied him.
Ecuador's foreign minister, Ricardo Patino, said during a trip to Vietnam that Quito would take into account a U.S. request about Snowden and was in contact with Russia about him. He gave no details of the U.S. request.
To his supporters, Snowden is a whistleblowing hero who exposed the extent of U.S. surveillance activities.
A petition initiated by his supporters and posted on the White House website described him as "a national hero and should be immediately issued a full, free, and absolute pardon for any crimes he has committed or may have committed related to blowing the whistle on secret NSA surveillance programs."
The petition at https://petitions.whitehouse.gov/petition/pardon-edward-snowden/Dp03vGYD had garnered more than 113,000 signatures by 2030 GMT, above the 100,000 needed to oblige a White House response within 30 days.
One of three high-powered lawyers representing Snowden in Hong Kong said they had warned him he might be stuck in legal limbo for years - and possibly detained - if he stayed put and requested asylum in the city-state.
Snowden, who worked as a systems administrator at a U.S. National Security Agency facility in Hawaii for about three months, had been hiding in Hong Kong, since leaking details about secret U.S. surveillance programs to news media.
He said in an interview published by Hong Kong's South China Morning Post on Monday that he took a job at U.S. contractor Booz Allen Hamilton deliberately to gain access to details of the NSA's surveillance programs.
"My position with Booz Allen Hamilton granted me access to lists of machines all over the world the NSA hacked," Snowden said, according to the article.
Booz Allen Hamilton fired Snowden on June 10, a day after he went public about his role in revealing details of the NSA programs in a video posted by the Guardian newspaper in London. It had no comment about Snowden's latest comments.
U.S. officials said intelligence agencies were worried they do not know how much sensitive material Snowden had in his possession and he may have taken more documents than initially estimated. They were concerned that his links with WikiLeaks would increase the likelihood of their being published.
Snowden has been charged with theft of federal government property, unauthorized communication of national defense information and willful communication of classified communications intelligence to an unauthorized person. The last two charges fall under the U.S. Espionage Act.
(Additional reporting by Gabriela Baczynska and Alexei Anishchuk in Moscow, Martin Petty in Hanoi, Sui-Lee Weein in Beijing,; Andrew Cawthorne, Mario Naranjo and Daniel Wallis in Caracas, Alexandra Valencia in Quito, Mark Felsenthal, Paul Eckert and Mark Hosenball in Washington and Katya Golubkova in Havana.; Writing by David Brunnstrom; Editing by Christopher Wilson)
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/u-presses-russia-mystery-over-snowden-deepens-015914306.html
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